Bank Santander released yesterday a report titled “The Contrarian View” which upholds that market adjustment in Spain’s property sector has now almost concluded. Indeed, living up to its name, it’s a contrarian view.

They estimate property prices have fallen on average 20 to 30% in large Spanish cities. These properties are in the vast majority main residences. The major fall has taken place on the Spanish costas, which are mainly second homes or foreigner’s overseas summer homes. They estimate the average fall in this segment reaches 50%.

In their report they estimate the real estate market peaked out in 2007.  They forecast that Spain’s GDP will resume feeble growth in 2011 picking up pace on the following years.

I find unsurprising the fact that main residences have fallen less than their second home counterparts; that was reasonably in line with what everybody expected.

What I find surprising is the report claiming that property prices have fallen 50% on the Spanish coasts on average. As many would-be buyers who actually booked flights from the UK or elsewhere to fly over to Spain (when that was still possible!) on the hope of finding a dream villa for a 50% discount can attest that this simply is not the case. There has been a lot of hype going on property falling by 50% but frankly this contradicts any empirical observation.

There has been a significant market correction, no doubt, but not to the extent of a 50% fall on the costas. It’s true that some isolated off-plan developments perched atop hills which are a good 10 minute drive from civilization have fallen 50% or maybe even more, but these are few and do not constitute a general rule.

I would say, being coherent with the articles I write, that property prices will still keep on falling across the board over the next years, however steadily. I find the report’s conclusions a tad overoptimistic to be honest. For example, it remains to be seen how the huge property portfolio in the hands of struggling Spanish savings banks will unfold in the near future affecting price fixation when –and if– they are released openly into the market.

This could seriously add pressure driving down prices further adding to the oversupply. Lenders are going to great lengths not to release en masse their ever-growing property portfolios as a result of repossessions or “daciones en pago de deuda“. Fortunately the Government is always there to help them (if not bail them out) amending accounting rules where necessary so balance sheets aren’t hurt.

It’s reassuring that those in need are helped out when needed.

Nevertheless I’d say there are already available interesting bargains (since 2009 actually) mainly from the classic three D’s (divorce, disease, death) and non-performing mortgage loans. But we have not yet reached that stage of capitulation in the property market which this report seemingly implies. I’m sure we will get there at some point or other.

In any case the spring season traditionally brings a surge of conveyance procedures and we are now witnessing a renewed interest in Spanish property over the last month. That is, providing volcanic activity keeps a low profile! Fingers crossed.

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

So, has your flight been cancelled back to the UK? Both European Parliament Regulation EC 261/2004 and of the Council of 11^th February 2004 establish common laws ruling on the compensation and assistance of flight passengers in case of denied boarding or great delay in take off which is applicable and enforceable in all EU member states.

Following this regulation, in case of flight cancellation, passengers are entitled to the following (Art 7 Rights to Compensation):

• Full refund of the air ticket within the next 7 days or alternatively to a ticket to the starting point or been driven to the destination point.
• Pampering (drinks and food, hotel lodging, transport from the airport to the lodging destination, possibility of making two free phone calls or else send two telex, two faxes or two emails)

To a flat fee compensation which will amount to:

• 250€ for flights of up to 1,500 kms
• 400€ for paneuropean flights of more than 1,500 kms. For the rest of the flights between 1,5000 and 3,000 kilometres.
• 600€ for all flights that may not be included in the above categories

Operating air carriers however will be able to waive paying compensation if they are able to prove either that a force majeure (volcanic ash is as good as it gets!) took place or else severe meteorological conditions that may compromise the flight’s security (Art 94 of Flight Law). Art 5.3 of EC 261/2004 rules further on this:

5.3. An operating air carrier shall not be obliged to pay compensation in accordance with Article 7, if it can prove that the cancellation is caused by extraordinary circumstances which could not have been avoided even if all reasonable measures had been taken.

This waiving of responsibility is nothing more than an extension of the legal principle set forth in article 1.105 of the Spanish Civil Code whereby as a general rule no-one may be held liable to compensate as a result of unforeseen events or even if foreseen, were altogether unavoidable.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers, small on fees, big on service.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers is a law firm specialized in taxation, conveyancing, inheritance and litigation. We will be very pleased to discuss your matter with you. You can contact us by e-mail at info@larrainnesbitt.com, by telephone on (+34) 952 19 22 88 or by completing our contact form.

Related article

Air Passenger Rights in Spain – 8th June 2015

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

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Polaris World. We’ve all watched the TV ads with renowned golfer Jack Nicklaus selling us an affordable dream lifestyle under the sun surrounded by beautiful golf courses just a short drive away from the beach.

Unfortunately the dream may turn into a nightmare for many would-be off-plan buyers as Polaris World is now on the verge of filing for Insolvency within the next week. The events which have lead to this situation can be summarised as follows:

• On the 22^nd December 2009 Polaris World filed before Murcia’s Company Court number two a proposal to reach an agreement with its creditors within three months thus avoiding filing for Creditor Protection.
• On the 22^nd of March 2010 it requested an additional -and final- extension of 30 days which was granted by the court.
• This extension ends in 8 day’s time, on the 22^nd of April 2010.

If Polaris World fails to refinance its whole debt within the next week it will be forced to file for receivership in what would become one of Spain’s largest insolvency proceedings do date.

The positive note is that out of the €985 million (870 million pounds) in debt that it needed to renegotiate so as to remain afloat it has already successfully negotiated over €900 million over the last three months. Within the next 8 days Polaris World legal representatives will lead a frantic race against time to strike a deal on the last hour on the pending €85 million.

The stakes are high and the pressure must be almost unbearable for all those involved.

Taking in perspective what’s already been achieved by the negotiators, I believe the €85 million seems a feasible goal.

Source: El Economista

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

As we had previously reported on the month of February 2010 Promociones’ Eurohouse 2010 receivership was imminent. Perhaps the “2010” included in its name was as an ill omen.  

The official announcement has now been made in Spain’s Law Gazette. Creditors will now have 30 days to lodge their credits joining the Creditor’s List.

The deadline to join the Creditor’s List ends on the 30th of April 2010. Credits submitted after the said deadline may be jeopardized.

Non-exhaustive list of affected off-plan developments:

1. Fortuna Golf Gardens
2. Fortuna Hills Golf Resort
3. La Mirada
4. Residencial San Pedro
5. Residencial Miramar
6. Miramar
7. Residencial San Pedro del Pinatar

Off-plan purchasers need to collate the following original documents:

1. Original Private Purchase Contract
2. Original stage payment receipts of having sent over the funds (including the initial reservation deposit) on to Promociones Eurohouse 2010.
3. Original bank guarantees.

To represent a client throughout the whole receivership procedure (not just to merely add them to the Creditor’s list) a Power of Attorney will be required which needs to be both notarized and legalized (with the Hague Apostille). Arranging this POA takes on average 7-10 days from the UK so it is advisable to plan ahead so as not to overrun the 30 days deadline.

Larrain Nesbitt Lawyers offers this legal service for a flat fee of €1,300 plus sundries (TBA).

Payment in installments is available upon request.

Appointed lawyers will seek to best defend client’s interests in the ensuing procedure taking the following actions, amongst others:

1. Claiming from the judicial administrators the creditors’ position of the clients submitting all the necessary documents on time and in the due manner. To challenge adopted resolutions on the matter if proven detrimental to the inclusion in the Creditors’ List (this may entail additional legal fees).
2. Continued monitoring of the receivership procedure ensuring client’s rights are upheld
3. To negotiate with the judicially-appointed administrators reaching agreements as necessary.
4. To keep the client informed on the ongoing procedure
5. Assisting to Creditors’ meetings to defend the client’s interests
6. To claim or challenge judicially agreements taken by Elche’s Mercantile Court number 3.

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

High profile developer Habitat filed for receivership in December 2008. Its receivership procedure was the second most important in Spain after Martinsa-Fadesa which filed for receivership in 2007 owing in excess of seven billion Euros.

Barely two years on, an agreement striked at the Creditors General Meeting  held early on this year will reschedule Habitat’s outstanding financial commitments.

As we had explained previously, the aim of Spain’s Insolvency Act of 2003 is to allow financially struggling companies to buy time and re-arrange their financial commitments with their creditors, either by extending the loan period or by reducing the debt burden or both. The whole receivership procedure is geared towards saving these ailing companies which may be undergoing severe temporary cash flow problems.

Following the trail of developer Llanera, which also concluded successfully its receivership last year, 82% of Habitat’s financial creditors have backed the overhauled debt plan as well as by 80% of the normal creditors. The former are namely major lending institutions which constitute the bulk of habitat’s debt which tallies over a billion Euros. The latter would include off-plan buyers for example.

It is foreseen Habitat will officially exit its receivership on the 19th of April this year when the judge of Barcelona’s Company court number three will put an end to it.

The second proposal has a shorter waiting period of only 5 years but in return creditors forfeit 30% of their credit recovering only 70%.

Source: Invertia

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

Spain’s Government has raised Capital Gains Tax (CGT) for both residents and non-residents to 19% as from the 1st of January 2010, which effectively means any property sold on as from the said date will attract CGT at 19%. This tax change seems to have gone blissfully unnoticed by the majority of people, or this is what you realise when you read what the so-called experts write on the many different expat forums available.

After a protracted process grounded on discrimination, the European Commission forced Spain to equate the Capital Gains Tax for both residents and non-residents alike leaving it at 18% as from the 1st of January 2007. Previously it stood at 35% for non-residents and 15% for residents.

This new tweak is related to Spain’s widespread efforts to prop up its dwindling coffers in view of its beleaguered Economy. This policy of increasing taxes in the aftermath of a property bubble has come under heavy criticism by reputed financial experts and may even hamper an early recovery as well as possibly incentivizing under declaring.

The following table sums up CGT amendments over the last years:

For those who are still sceptical, and doubt wether this is true or not, I refer you to the official Modelo 212 instructions (PDF – Spanish) for further confirmation.

Related articles and blog posts

Spanish Wealth Tax (Patrimonio) – 8th November 2011

Taxes on Selling Spanish Property – 8th December 2014

Changes to Spain’s Inheritance and Gift Tax Law – 21st February 2015

La Complementaria or ‘Bargain-Hunter Tax’ – 8th May 2015

Taxes on Buying Spanish Property – 8th July 2015

Non-Resident Taxes in Spain – 8th December 2015

Spanish Inheritance Tax (Part I) – 8th February 2016

Spanish Inheritance Tax (Part II)  – 8th March 2016

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

A SWAP is an insurance policy which purpose is to offset major fluctuations in, for example, a benchmark interest rate to which a mortgage is referred to. In Spain most mortgage loans are referred to the EURIBOR rate (Euro Interbank Offered Rate). The EURIBOR is the average interest rate at which a panel of 57 European banks lend to one another. The idea with a SWAP clause is that you pay a small fee on a regular basis to your lender as a normal insurance to offset against major interests rate fluctuations and if the Euribor rate should for example fluctuate wildly, as it did back in October 2008, hitting an extreme 5% your repayment interest rate would be capped at say 3%. Basically it’s as if you agree into signing your own collar clause where you are assured to pay a capped interest rate to your lender. This in theory.

In practice a SWAP is a complex financial instrument that has been in use by large corporations since the fifties to offset against currency and interest rate fluctuations. The problem came when it was recently mis-sold en masse during the last boom years to unsuspecting borrowers as a “safe” product without disclosing in full the pitfalls it may entail should the interest rate fluctuate steeply. Or even worse, in many cases it was bundled together with the mortgage loan itself as “free of charge”. Who would in their sound mind turn down a freebie which is tagged by a bank as “safe”?

When you hire a SWAP (AKA as “clip hipotecario” in Spanish), unbeknownst to many you are tacitly making an educated guess on where the interest rate will be heading next; so it’s basically taking a gamble with your hard-earned money! This product was marketed and sold as something “safe”  and at times even as “free”, but its drawbacks were not disclosed to borrowers which in most cases lacked the necessary financial savvy to ascertain clearly what they were being (mis)sold or even been given away as a “free” insurance. What was seldom explained to potential customers was that if the benchmark interest rate fell below a certain percentage it’s the borrower who had to pay to his lender an amount to offset the shortfall in the interest rate! And it’s no small amount either, tallying hundreds of euros a month in the worst cases which are to be paid in addition to the mortgage repayments of already struggling borrowers. So it has been an unexpected double or even a triple whammy for those whose source of income is in sterling pounds bearing in mind the poor exchange rate to the Euro over the last two years.

If you want to cancel a SWAP clause through a Notary public you will have to pay for the “privilege” on average €15,000 for individual borrowers and €40,000 for companies. This is an added grievance to those borrowers which had a SWAP tagged onto their mortgage loan as a “freebie” unbeknown to them.

This “insurance” was largely mis-sold or even given away “freely” over the last years, at the peak of an all-time high Euribor interest rate, when lenders knew full well this rate was bound to reverse its trend and start heading down hitting historical lows. So basically they were (mis)selling a product which was going to bring huge losses to its clients within months of having hired it! As American novelist Mark Twain used to note with an acid sense of humour: “A banker is a fellow who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining and wants it back the minute it begins to rain”

And now the positive news: There have been a string of likeminded rulings both from lower and High courts in 2009 and 2010 establishing that SWAP clauses offered en masse to unsuspecting mortgage borrowers are really abusive clauses and determine they should be regarded as null and void as they lack consent. This avoids borrowers having to pay €15,000 or more to have them cancelled at a Notary. Moreover, Judges have awarded a full refund to borrowers who litigated on the commissions unduly paid to their lenders over the last years because of this insurance policy which was not properly explained to them. Even Spain’s Ombudsman has condemned them as abusive.

What to do?

If you think you may have been a victim of a SWAP clause in your Spanish mortgage, call or e-mail us to see if we can act on your behalf.  Strength will be in large numbers.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers, small on fees, big on service.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers is a law firm specialized in conveyancing, taxation, inheritance, and litigation. We will be very pleased to discuss your matter with you. You can contact us by e-mail at info@larrainnesbitt.com, by telephone on (+34) 952 19 22 88 or by completing our contact form.

Related article

Spanish Mortgage Loans Beware of Abusive Clauses – 8th January 2012

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

Promociones Eurohouse 2010 is a well-known developer based in Orihuela, Alicante, and is a subsidiary of San Antonio Group. Its off-plan developments have been bought mainly by UK and Irish citizens looking to retire and enjoy the mild Mediterranean weather. Regrettably off-plan buyers are in for a nasty surprise within the next days as this developer is the latest victim claimed by the ongoing recession.

It is yet unclear at this stage on whether it will be a voluntary receivership filed by the developer itself or else a forced receivership procedure imposed by one of its numerous creditors (Atlas International) as both have been lodged on the same day before Elche’s Mercantile court. It will now be up to the Mercantile judge to decide on which one it finally accepts. The reported debt, yet to be confirmed, is over 150 million pounds.

As soon as it’s officially announced in Spain’s Law Gazette (“BOE”) creditors will have only a strict deadline of 30 days to lodge before the Mercantile court their financial interest. Failure to join the receivership within this deadline will result in a loss of their stage payments.

Once more, we stress that a developer filing for a receivership procedure does not necessarily equate to bankruptcy, as some sources keep mistakenly reporting. That is something that will be decided at a later stage by the Mercantile judge overseeing the receivership procedure. Spain’s Insolvency Act is geared towards saving ailing companies who may be suffering temporary cash flow problems. Filing for receivership in Spain allows these struggling companies to buy time allowing them to renegotiate and restructure their financial commitments.

In fact many high profile developers who filed for receivership back in 2007 and 2008 have already announced they are exiting receivership and resume normal trading i.e. Llanera Will be the First Spanish Developer to Exit Receivership

Non-exhaustive list of affected off-plan developments:

1. Fortuna Golf Gardens
2. Fortuna Hills Golf Resort
3. La Mirada
4. Residencial San Pedro
5. Residencial Miramar
6. Miramar
7. Residencial San Pedro del Pinatar

Off-plan purchasers trapped in the ensuing receivership will need to collate the following original documents:

1. Original Private Purchase Contract
2. Original stage payment receipts of having sent over the funds (including the initial reservation deposit) on to Promociones Eurohouse 2010.
3. Original bank guarantees.

To represent a client throughout the whole receivership procedure (not just to merely add them to the Creditor’s list) a Power of Attorney will be required which needs to be both notarized and legalized (with the Hague Apostille). Arranging this POA takes on average 7-10 days from the UK so it is advisable to plan ahead so as not to overrun the 30 days deadline.

Larrain Nesbitt Lawyers offer this legal service for a flat fee of 1,300€ plus sundries (TBA). Payment in installments is available upon request.

Appointed lawyers will seek to best defend client’s interests in the ensuing procedure taking the following actions, amongst others:

1. Claiming from the judicial administrators the creditors’ position of the clients submitting all the necessary documents on time and in the due manner. To challenge adopted resolutions on the matter if proven detrimental to the inclusion in the Creditors’ List (this may entail additional legal fees).
2. Continued monitoring of the receivership procedure ensuring client’s rights are upheld
3. To negotiate with the judicially-appointed administrators reaching agreements as necessary
4. To keep the client informed on the ongoing procedure
5. Assisting to Creditors’ meetings to defend the client’s interests
6. To claim or challenge judicially agreements taken by Elche’s Mercantile Court

Larrain Nesbitt Lawyers is a Spanish law firm with broad experience in litigation representing hundreds of clients in similar high profile receiverships. Learn more about the Firm.

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.010 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

Just when bar and restaurant owners thought things couldn’t get any worse, given the grim financial downturn, you can always rely on the Government to prove them wrong. Mrs Trinidad Jimenez, Spain’s Health Minister, announced yesterday that smoking will be banned in all closed public venues as from the 1st January 2010.

Bar, restaurant, hotel and discotheque owners have only just finished paying off the mandatory expensive reforms to their business premises so as to segregate designated smoking and non-smoking areas in compliance with the newly passed Smoking law (law 28/2005 which came into force on the 1st January 2006). Scarcely three years ahead the Government plans to scrape it off amending this law and banning smoking all together in closed public premises. So basically these refurbishments will now become useless.

On a side note, Spain’s football league are now threatening to go on strike if the tax reform announced by the Government this week is enforced whereby top-football-earners will now be taxed at the highest tax band of 43% instead of a flat income tax rate of 24%. This had garnered Spain widespread criticism throughout Europe on grounds of unfair competition.  Hopefully this will not be the case.

I think some people may be in for a hard time next year if they like watching football or smoking or both.

56 days to go…

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.009 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.

This much-anticipated law was finally approved yesterday. It amends the Civil Procedural Law, Spain´s Tenancy Act and the Commonhold Act (Comunity of Owners).

The gist of this new law is as follows:

1. Timeframe reduced to file eviction law suit down from 2 months to 1. Landlords had to imperatively wait two months of unpaid rental before they could initiate the formal eviction procedure through the civil law courts. This has now been reduced to only one month’s waiting time.
2. Swift execution of the eviction. The judge’s ruling will suffice to execute the eviction on the day and time that is agreed. The landlord is free to agree with his non-paying tenant to condone part of the debt providing the defaulting tenant leaves the property immediately. As from the ruling, the deadline to vacate the property has to be a statutory minimum of 15 days. It may even reach one year depending on what’s agreed.
3. The whole legal procedure is substantiated through a verbal court procedure, as per Spain’s Procedural Law (this is not a novelty). This should be faster, in theory.
4. The landlord can now waive the statutory long-term let of 5 years. He may now include clauses within the Tenancy Agreement in which this compulsory timeframe does not apply. i.e. a clause whereby it is stipulated that the property will be needed for the landlord’s own use or for his family’s. However, if after 3 months’ time the landlord or his family have not taken possession of the property, he will be forced to re-install his ex-tenant and award him a suitable compensation to offset the expenses of the move.
5. Changes in the Community of Owners. Commoners will have to approve by simple majority (3/5) those improvements in the community whose aim is to be ecologically-friendly i.e. improved water or energy ducts. If these improvements can be individually enjoyed by the commoners then only a vote of 1/3 is required.

Source: El Mundo newspaper.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers, small on fees, big on service.

Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers is a law firm specialized in taxation, conveyancing, inheritance and litigation. We will be very pleased to discuss your matter with you. You can contact us by e-mail at info@larrainnesbitt.com, by telephone on (+34) 952 19 22 88 or by completing our contact form.

Legal services Larraín Nesbitt Lawyers can offer you

• Conveyancing – Buying
• Conveyancing – Selling
• Rentals
• Tenant Eviction Service

Related articles and blog posts

• Landlords Afraid of Non-Paying Tenants Take Pre-emptive Measures -16th September 2008
• Non-Paying Tenants? No Longer an Issue – 23rd October 2009
• Paying the Rent Late Twice will be Cause of Eviction – 4th June 2009
• New Express Eviction Law: Much Ado About Nothing -13th July 2009
• Non-Paying Tenants? No Longer an Issue – 23rd October 2009
• Express Eviction Law Passed by Congress – 30th October 2009
• Renting in Spain: Top Ten Mistakes – 8th of June 2011
• Community of Owners in Spain: Avoid Problems with Your Neighbours in Spain – 8th July 2012
• Letting in Spain: The Safe Way – 10th October 2012
• Tenant Eviction in Spain – 8th June 2014
• Urban Rental Law in Spain – Spain's Tenancy Act – 8th May 2016

Please note the information provided in this blog post is of general interest only and is not to be construed or intended as substitute for professional legal advice. This article may be posted freely in websites or other social media so long as the author is duly credited. Plagiarizing, whether in whole or in part, this article without crediting the author may result in criminal prosecution. VOV.

2.009 © Raymundo Larraín Nesbitt. All rights reserved.